Hysteroscopy is a surgical method performed by a doctor to view the inside of the uterus to treat the causes of abdominal bleeding. It is done using an instrument named hysteroscopy. This device is a thin, lighted instrument with a camera connected in the front. This instrument is inserted through the vagina and cervix, and into the uterus to check the uterine cavity without damaging the surrounding tissues.

Procedure details

To begin, the doctor uses saline or carbon dioxide gas to expand the uterus to have a clear view of its interior. Once the examination is complete, the instrument is removed and some medications and instructions are given to follow for post-procedure care. This hysteroscopy can be performed for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes.

What is diagnostic hysteroscopy?

Diagnostic hysteroscopy is a procedure to identify the cause of certain gynecological conditions. This procedure is useful for identifying conditions such as uterine fibroids, polyps, uterine adhesions, and endometrial cancer. It is also performed to check the inside of the womb and take a tissue sample if issues like abdominal bleeding during periods, heavy periods, infertility, bleeding after menopause, and infertility persist. By visualizing the uterus directly, the surgeon can find the abnormalities to take appropriate measures for further treatment.

What is therapeutic hysteroscopy?

Therapeutic hysteroscopy is an effective procedure mostly performed to avoid a larger incision. This procedure involves using specialized instruments to detect abnormalities in the uterus. It includes benefits such as faster recovery, less pain and complications, and shorter hospital stays.

Therapeutic hysteroscopy is performed to treat conditions such as:

  1. Abnormal uterine bleeding
  2. Removal of fibroids
  3. Leiomyomas removal
  4. Adhesions caused by past surgeries
  5. To obtain tissue samples or biopsies

Some therapeutic hysteroscopic procedures include endometrial ablation, uterine septum dividing the uterus, and placement of contraceptive devices.

Hysteroscopy is commonly performed as an outpatient procedure, using local anesthesia, although general anesthesia might be used in some cases.

Recovery time is usually short, and most women can continue their normal activities in one or two days. However, strenuous activities and sexual intercourse should be avoided for a few days after the procedure.

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